Intelligenc

To do this, dry flannel or a piece of soft woolen cloth daily in the morning rub the body, arms and legs of the child to a pink color. After one and a half to two weeks, you can proceed to wiping with water. With a mitten made of woolly cloth soaked in water and wrung out, they first wipe the arms, then the chest and stomach, back, buttocks, and legs of the child. Immediately wipe the wetted part of the body with a fluffy towel until the skin turns slightly red. The whole body, except for the wiped part, should be under the covers. Wiping can be done by adding 1 teaspoon of salt or a tablespoon of sea salt to 1 glass of water. Wiping is usually done after the child's morning sleep. Their duration is 5-6 minutes. The water temperature should be at first 32-33', then gradually, with an interval of 5-7 days, the water temperature is reduced by 1' and brought to 30'. A hygienic bath should not be made hot. The water temperature for children under 6 months of age should be 36.5-37.5 ', and for older children - 36 '. After such a bath, it is useful to pour water over the child, the temperature of which is 1-2' lower than the temperature of the bath water. Over time, the temperature of the water for pouring is reduced by another 2-3 '. Starting from 10-11 months of age, in the morning and in the evening, the face, neck and arms (up to the elbow) of the child should be washed with cool water (the temperature of which is not lower than 18-20 '). Walking is very useful for children. It should be accustomed to cold air gradually, starting with “walks” in a room with an open window, sleeping in the fresh air is useful.

Hardening and massage. Hardening should be tried to be carried out in such a way that it causes a good, joyful mood in the child. The procedure is performed incorrectly if the baby is restless during it. Hardening procedures are stopped if the child is ill, with increased excitability (irritability, sleep disturbance, increased tearfulness and refusal of the breast, etc.). From the end of the 1st month of life, it is useful for the child to do massage, and from the 2nd month - gymnastics, but first it is necessary to show the child to the doctor and agree on the introduction of this procedure with him. Massage is carried out daily, always at the same time, 30 minutes after eating. The duration of classes is 5-12 minutes. Each technique is repeated 4 to 6 times.

Subsequently, the child himself begins to demand more cold douches, and often refuses hot water altogether. When the child gets used to dousing his feet with cold water, in winter, you can enhance the hardening effect by running barefoot in the snow. You need to choose a snowy place: the snow must be clean, while under the snow there must be earth, not concrete and not an asphalt path. The baby should be dressed in such a way that the shoes can be easily removed and put on. Better, for example, a tracksuit, woolen socks and felt boots. First, he needs to run a little to warm up. If the baby is reddened, you can be sure that his feet are not cold. Then he can take off his boots and stand on the snow, at first literally for seconds. Then quickly wipe the feet from the snow with a diaper and put them on, starting with the foot that he first put on the snow. Then again you need to run in felt boots. The duration of a run in the snow is very short at first, then you can increase it. The child will especially like this procedure if performed by the whole family 2 times a week.Hardening is a training of the body's defenses, which teaches it to better endure cold, physical activity, etc. Hardened children later endure changes in humidity, cold and heat more easily, and are less susceptible to colds and other diseases. Hardening and exercise strengthen the nervous system, promote the development of muscles and bones, improve the functioning of the heart, lungs, digestive and excretory organs, blood composition and metabolism, increase immunity to the action of pathogenic factors. When carrying out hardening procedures, one should be guided by the following principles: early start, gradualness and systematicity. It is necessary to take into account the individual characteristics of the child. Means of hardening are simple and affordable. It is only important to discard many ingrained prejudices and not to wrap up children, not to be afraid of fresh air; systematically, 4-5 times a day, ventilate the room, and keep the windows open in the summer - after all, window panes do not let in the ultraviolet rays necessary for a growing organism. It is strictly forbidden to smoke in the room where the child is located. Changing diapers, changing clothes, un******ng a newborn before bathing - the first air baths, the first tempering procedures. For an infant, the air temperature both in the room and outside during an air bath should be at least 22 '. After appropriate training, the temperature in the air bath can be 20 and 18 '. Air baths must be carried out carefully: their duration at first should not exceed 2-3 minutes. Gradually, the time is increased and for children up to 6 months of age it is adjusted to 15 minutes, and for children of 6-12 months - up to 20-25 minutes. The procedure can be repeated 2 times a day.