LPL Financial - Jon Rienstra CRPC

The last few days of July and the beginning of August have brought a flurry of key economic data, central bank activity, company earnings results, and tariff news. Here are some takeaways from the week of July 28:

Slowing U.S. economy. Second-quarter gross domestic product grew at a 3% annualized rate, though much of the growth stemmed from a sharp drop in imports after companies rushed orders ahead of tariffs. July’s jobs report showed a slowdown in hiring, signaling a labor market losing some steam. While this could support the Federal Reserve’s (Fed) case for easing, it also introduces concerns about consumer spending. Though we see no signs of an imminent recession, we believe the U.S. economy is unlikely to grow faster than 2% in the second half.

Resilient corporate earnings. Earnings season has been better than anticipated, showing that corporate America has more earnings power than previously thought. Analysts called for S&P 500 earnings per share to grow 4–5% year over year when earnings season began. We expected some upside, perhaps to around 8%, but companies are collectively on track to grow earnings by over 10% (source: FactSet). Big tech companies have been the key driver, accounting for half of earnings growth amid big investments in artificial intelligence (AI).

Stage set for a September rate cut. The Fed held rates steady on July 30, but Fed Chair Powell’s comments were less definitive than markets had hoped. The weak jobs report on August 1, however, revived expectations for a rate cut in September, which may help mitigate the magnitude of any stock market pullbacks. Two cuts of 0.25% each are likely this year, if not three, which should help support the bond market.

Don’t dismiss trade risks yet. The August 1 negotiation deadline passed, with several countries slated for tariffs well above the apparent floor at 15%. Only about half of the presumed tariffs have been implemented, meaning more upward pressure on prices and company profit margins lies ahead — after more tariffs take effect on August 7. Meanwhile, negotiations are continuing with China and several other key trading partners.

What this means for you. The market is navigating a complex landscape, with several economic and policy crosscurrents. A slowing economy, tariff implementation, and seasonal stock market weakness point to potential bouts of volatility ahead. Expected rate cuts, AI investment, and impending stimulus from tax and spending legislation passed last month may help buoy investor sentiment.

Pullbacks, when they inevitably come, can refresh bull markets and set them up for their next leg higher. So, we believe it’s important to stay invested and well-diversified, while looking for opportunities to add equities on a dip. Economic and corporate fundamentals remain in great shape.

Stocks had another very strong year in 2024. In fact, 2024 marked the first time the S&P 500 has enjoyed a +20% gain in back-to-back years since 1997–98. Last year didn’t start out so optimistically though. The list of worries among stock-market bears included high valuations, narrow leadership by the largest technology stocks, rising long-term interest rates, election uncertainty, deficit spending, and more. Stocks rallied through all of that without so much as one 10% correction.

The stock market’s surprising ascent in 2024 offers some important lessons for investors:

• The herd is often wrong. Wall Street underestimated the S&P 500’s price at year-end by about 15%. Remember, positive years for stocks are about three times more likely than declines.
• The trend is your friend. Employing technical analysis can help investors avoid mistakes. In an upward-trending market, don’t take a detour because of some bearish narrative the market may not care about.
• Bull markets typically run for a while. They last more than five years on average and rarely end when the U.S. economy is growing, especially when the Federal Reserve (Fed) is cutting interest rates. The current bull market is about 27 months old.
• Earnings drive stock prices. The fundamental value of stocks comes from a company’s earnings. S&P 500 companies will likely grow earnings 10% in aggregate in 2024 and may do so again in 2025.
• Focus on the long term. Don’t get scared out of the market by the headlines if you’re a long-term investor. “Time in the market” beats “timing the market.” Waiting it out through down periods is the best approach for nearly all investors. Since 1980, the annualized return for the S&P 500 is 12.1%.

The U.S. economy also offered investors another lesson — that betting against the U.S. consumer is often a losing bet — especially an employed U.S. consumer. Mortgage refinances during the pandemic and the wealth created by higher stock prices added fuel for more spending, particularly from upper-income consumers.

These are good lessons to tuck away as 2025 gets underway. The coming year may not bring quite as much joy to your portfolio as 2024, given how much good news is being priced into the stock market currently. Inflation pressures may re-emerge, and geopolitical threats could upend rallies. But, with steady economic growth, a healthy job market, growing corporate profits, and continued investment in artificial intelligence, the ingredients for another profitable year are in place.

As always, please reach out to me with questions.

With fall upon us and students back in classrooms, it seems like a good time to reflect on the various tests that the U.S. economy and stock market have passed recently. When the economy and markets are tested, the foundation for future growth and capital appreciation gets stronger.

The Federal Reserve (Fed) engineered one of its most aggressive rate-tightening campaigns ever in 2022 and 2023, providing a tough test for the U.S. economy. Amid widespread calls for recession, the economy chugged right along, powered by consumers who continued to spend, even as rates rose. How did consumers do it? Stimulus helped, though we probably got more than we needed. So did low fixed-rate mortgages. Regardless of how it happened, and despite the Fed’s mixed track record, the economy passed this test.

The economy also seems to have passed its inflation test. The widely followed Consumer Price Index, which peaked at 9.1% year over year in June 2022, dipped below 3% last month. Same with the Fed’s preferred inflation measure (core personal consumption expenditures excluding food and energy). In response, the 10-year Treasury yield is down nearly a full percentage point since its April 2024 high, and mortgage rates are down even more. Call that a passing grade, though one could still argue for an incomplete.

The stock market also passed a tough test recently. On August 5, the combination of a weaker-than-expected jobs report for July and too much borrowing from some overly complacent traders (much of it in Japanese yen currency) caused a sharp market sell-off. Stocks have since bounced back on subsequent evidence that the economy continues to grow steadily. In fact, U.S. gross domestic product grew at an impressive 3% annualized rate in the second quarter. Despite that bout of volatility, major stock market benchmarks from both Russell and S&P produced modest positive returns in August. Gains weren’t just among the big tech companies, as performance has broadened out.

Perhaps the toughest tests for markets lie ahead. The upcoming election and related policy uncertainty could be a catalyst for a correction. A tougher geopolitical test could come from China, Russia, or Iran. Eventually, if the U.S. debt pile continues to grow, bond vigilantes will demand higher Treasury yields. Valuations are high despite even considering the double-digit earnings growth corporate America is generating. These are tough tests that may cause more volatility near-term, but markets and the economy have stellar long-term track records. Expect this bull market to continue to bring home excellent report cards.

As always, please reach out to me with questions.