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"There are 4 zones of the physis. The first is the RESTING ZONE, which is characterized by widely dispersed chondrocytes, abundant matrix, and is relatively inactive in cell or matrix turnover. The second zone is the PROLIFERATIVE ZONE. It characterized by longitudinal columns of flattened cells, significant endoplasmic reticulum, high ionized calcium. The third zone is the HYPERTROPHIC zone. It is characterized by enlargement of cells, persistent metabolic activity, accumulate and calcium, synthesize alkaline phosphatase and type X collagen, aiding in mineralization. The final zone, in the METAPHYSIS, comprises the primary and secondary spongiosa layers. These layers are characterized by vascular invasion and bone remodeling, respectively."

Review more high-yield concepts about Endochondral Bone Formation on today's episode of The Orthobullets Podcast. Listen wherever you get your podcasts! https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/basic-science-endochondral-bone-formation/id1441782919?i=1000438145189

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A Happy Easter from SOFT to all of its parents and students

One more thing you need to know about Vit D deficiency and autoimmune diseases like MS.

Vitamin D deficiency linked to MS Researchers at the University of Edinburgh say their study has shed light on how vitamin D deficiency may influence the risk of autoimmune diseases.