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Numerous early studies revealed what appeared to be a strong link between eating fruits and vegetables and protection against cancer. Unlike case-control studies, cohort studies, which follow large groups of initially healthy individuals for years, generally provide more reliable information than case-control studies because they dont rely on information from the past. And, in general, data from cohort studies have not consistently shown that a diet rich in fruits and vegetables prevents cancer.

Some types of soluble fiber dubbed "prebiotics" and found in asparagus, leeks, soybeans, wheat and oats have been shown to increase the bioavailability of minerals like calcium in the foods you eat, which may help maintain bone density.