Philmac Health Care Project

Let's enjoy responsibly as We welcome 2024 a year of Perfect Health.

HEART RATE.
Defined as simply the speed of the heart beat. Measured by the number of heart contractions or beats in a single minute.
HOW HEART RATE IS MEASURED.
1. By use of Heart rate monitors
2. Auscultation using a stethoscope by trained personnel
3. Use of ECG(Electrocardiogram) in well improved facilities.
4. Use of ultrasound scan especially for fetal heart rates.
5. Can also be measures by measuring and comparing peripheral pulse by health personnels.
Heart rates range with age, size, environment, s*x, activity and some other factors. This is due to the body's need and demand for Oxygen supplied through blood. This alters the rate/speed at which the heart contracts to meet the body's demands hence altering the beat rate/heart rate/pulse.
Normal ranges for heart rates in different groups of people.
Newborns (100 - 160)BPM
1 -11months (90 - 160)BPM
1 - 3 years (80 - 130)BPM
3 - 5 years (80 - 120)BPM
6 - 10 years (75 - 115)BPM
11 - 15 years (70 - 110)BPM
15years/Older - (60 - 100)BPM
Well trained athletes - (40 - 60)BPM

Factors that affect heart rate.
1.Age. The young always have a faster heart rate than the adults.
2. Size. Smaller and very big people always have a higher heart rates than people of their ages with medium sizes.
3. Illnesses or diseases or health of a person. Many illnesses especially those that cause a fever lead to increased heart rate.
4. Exercise. Due high demand for oxygen hence blood by the body, people in an exercise have higher heart rates.
5. Thyroid hormones T3 and T4. Their increase lead to increased heart rate and the reverse is true.
6. Chemicals like ni****ne and caffeine can cause an increase in heart rate.
7. Physiological factors like pregnancy, anxiety, stress, can also lead to increased heart rates.
These and many more other factors are important in study of heart rate and pulse rate.
DISCREPANCIES WITH HEART RATE
BRADYCARDIA (Slow heart rate)
Slower than the expected heart rate generally less than 60bpm.
Cause of Slow heart rate
- Underlying disease like Hypothyroidism
- Sepsis
- Depressive state
- Some medications
- Alcohol
TACHYCARDIA (Fast heart rate)
Rapid heart rate whether regular/irregular but out of the normal range in relation to age and level of activities
Cause of Fast rate
- Underlying disease like anaemia, hyperthyroidism
Arrhythmias
- Anxiety,Fear and Anger
- Pregnancy state
- During/after exercise
- Some medications
ARRHYTHMIAS
Improper/ irregular contractions of the heart sometimes referred to skipping beats. These occurs when the electrical impulse in the heart don't work properly.
Cause of Irregular heart beat
- Disease like Cardiomyopathy, arterial fibrillation
PALPITATIONS
A sensation that the heart is racing and pounding and often bothersome. Normally an individual shouldn't feel/hear their heart beating.
Cause of Palpitations
- Due to underlying disease
- Variation with breathing which is normal
- During/after physical exercise
- Smoking
- Drinking Alcohol and use of drugs like ma*****na
- Side effect from some medications
Once you notice any of the above discrepancies, it's of great advantage and personal benefit to inquiry with your Medical consultants and be guided accordingly. For more information and advise you contact us. Thank you and be Blessed
By MCO Nicholas.

BODY TEMPERATURE
Body temperature is one of the four key vital signs doctors look at and it can reveal a lot about your health. Your body temperature is always adapting to your environment, and what's "normal" for you may not be what's normal for someone else. Your temperature doesn’t stay the same all day, and it will vary throughout your lifetime, too.
Some things that cause your temperature to move around during the day include; How active you are (during and immediately after exercise, body temperature is often record higher than average), What time of day it is (low during mornings and slightly higher during afternoons and evenings), Your age (Young children tend to have slightly higher temperatures (0.4°F) than typical adults and older individuals tend to have a lower temperature than considered average), Your s*x (women having a slightly high temperature than men), Where you are in your menstrual cycle; women's basal body temperature raises during their menstrual cycle) and where it is recorded from i.e Axillary, Orally and Rectally
BODY TEMPERATURE RANGE
On average normal body temperature is 98.6°F(37°C) though study has shown that for a typical adult, body temperature can be anywhere from 97°F (36.1°C) to 99°F (37.2°C).. Babies and children have a little higher range: 97.9°F(36.6°C) to 100.4 F(38°C). A temperature over 100.4°F (38°C) most often means you have a fever (Hyperthermia) caused by an infection or illness. Fever can be alarming but it's considered advantageous as it's body response in fighting off infection/illness.

BODY TEMPERATURE BELOW 97 F(36.1°C)
If your body loses too much heat, it can be very serious, even fatal. Hypothermia is when your body temperature goes below 95°F(35°C). You might think of hypothermia as something that only happens when you’re exposed to extremely cold weather for a long time. But it happens indoors, too. Hypothermia is a special concern for newborns and the elderly. Babies may not be good at regulating their temperature. They can lose heat quickly so it’s important to keep them warm. A temperature below 97°F(36.1°C) is considered too low for babies. In summary Body temperature can be recorded axillary (under the armpit), orally (from the mouth) and from the re**al. Depending on the findings let's take caution on how our Body temperature changes and fluctuates and endeavour to seek medical consultation. Thank you and be blessed

VITAL SIGNS
Vital signs are measureable basic functional units of the body. These measurements are taken to help assess the general physical health of a person and give clues to possible diseases and show progress toward recovery. The normal ranges for a person's vital signs vary with Age, Weight, Gender and Overall health
There are four (4) main vital signs: Body temperature, Blood Pressure, Pulse (heart rate), and Breathing Rate. Other research books have more vital sign which are also important to know and shall be discussed later but for now we will stick with these four (4).
We are going to be breaking down and explaining these Vital signs. Stay tuned for more. Thank you and Be blessed 🙏🏾