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OSGOOD-SCHRAMM MODEL OF COMMUNICATION

The Osgood-Schramm Model (mid-1950s) is built on the theory that communication is a two-way street, with a sender & a receiver. Charles Egerton Osgood popularized the notion that communication was circular rather than linear, meaning that it required two participants taking turns sending & receiving a message. It suggests the successful message encoding & decoding depends on the source & receiver having sufficient commonalities, such as similar language & cultural background.

Later, Wilbur Schramm, who talked about the model in his book, The Process and Effects of Communication, adapted the model & added the notion of field of experience, or commonality, to the mix. The 'Field of experience' incorporates what is mutually understood between the sender & receiver.

Example: A professor of calculus would’ve very little luck communicating important math principles to a classroom of KG students because they do not share a field of experience that makes the message easy to understand.