Dr Usman Azare

LAFIYA JARIN TALAKA

DARASI NA HUƊU(04)

MACIJI, SARAN MACIJI, TAIMAKON GAGGAWA GA WANDA MACIJI YA SARASHE

MACIJI
Kamar yadda duk muka sani maciji wata halittace mai jan ciki marar ƙafafu dake cikin dangin hallittun da ake ƙira carnivorous reptiles( haliitu masu saɓa da ke cin nama). Anfi samun macijai a ƙasashe masu zafi(tropical regions) amma ana samun su a dukka ƙasashen duniya banda yan kaɗan k**ar: Antarctica, Ireland, Iceland, Greenland, New Zealand da wasu ƙasashen kan tudu masu tsananin sanyi.

DAFIN MACIJI
Kashi 70 cikin ɗari na macijan duniya basu da dafi, Kazalika sauran kashi 30 ɗin suma kusan kashi 50 cikin 100 na saran da sukeyi basa zuba guba (dry bite ne).

DAFI: wata guba ce da hallitu da yawa suke dashi kuma suke amfani dashi wajen kare kansu daga masu cutar dasu, ko kuma domin su, su cutar da wata hallitar. Na Maciji yana ƙunshe da sinadarai masu yawa wanda s**a haɗa da(proteins, peptides, polypeptides,carbohydrates, lipids, nucleosides, biogenic amines, free fatty acids ,magnesium, calcium, da zinc).

MAJIZAI MASU GUBA(DAFI) A NAJERIYA
Ana kasa majizai masu dafi a Najeriya zuwa kashi huɗu ko wanne kashi yana ɗauke da majizai masu tarin yawa amma dai zamu fi maida hankali akan macizai uku mafiya hatsari daga cikin wayannan kashe kashen sune k**ar haka:
1- Echis occelatus (carpet viper)- Da hausa:Kububuwa, Gobe da nisa, gajera, Tafakasa.
2- Bitis arietans ( puff udder) -Da hausa: Kasa
3- Naja nigricolosis (black spitting cobra)- Da hausa Baƙi.

Wayannan majizai guda uku kusan kashi 90 na mace-mace sak**akon saran maciji to sune sanadi. Zan saka hotunan su a ƙasan wanna rubutu domin ganesu.

HATSARIN SU:
1- Na farko ɗin nan wato kububuwa gajeriya ce mai ruwan ƙasa-ƙasa wani lokacin toka-toka tana ɓuya acikin busassun ganyayyaki, ƙasan dutsi, gefe-gefen daji mai surƙuƙi, tana da sauri k**ar iska da saurin kawo sara. Tana ɗauke da dafi mai hatsari da yake tsinka jini, kaga jini yana zuba ta baki, ta hanci, ta dubura, wani lokacin har ta ido. Itane lamba ta ɗaya a wajen kashe mutane a cikin majizai a Najeriya.
2- Ta biyu wato Kasa; tana da kaloli da yawa da s**a haɗa da ruwan ƙwai, ruwan ƙasa-ƙasa, ko kalar lemo, tan da facin baƙi-baƙi a bayanta. Tana iya kaiwa tsayin mita ɗaya da digo takwas, da daddare take fitowa kiwo da rana ta ɓuya ta yi bacci, tana da saurin kaiwa sara a duk wanda ya nufi kanta. Tana sajewa da busassun ganyayyaki idan ba'a lura ba. Dafin ta yana shiga can ciki jiki ya tsinka jini kuma ya ɓata nama. Saran ta yana haifar da matsaloli da yawa da s**a haɗa da bugawar zuciya, toshewar numfashi, rikicewar tunani da saɓa a fata. Yawan dafin da take zubawa mutum ɗaya zai iya kashe mutum huɗu in aka sa musu shi.
3- Ta uku wato baƙi asali ba shine Gamsheƙa ba amma yan gida ɗaya ne shi yasa wasu basa banbance su, su ke ƙiran su da suna ɗaya. Shi baƙiƙƙirin ne duk da a wasu ƙasashen ana samun sa ja-ja ja-ja. Amma dai babbar hanyar ganeshi shine yana da wani jan layi a ƙasan wuyansa. matsakaici ne zuwa jibgegge. Anasamun sa a gurin da akwai tana da yawa ko gafiyoyi da beraye da ƙadangaru. Yana hawa bishiya kuma yana shiga ruwa. Dafin sa yana ruɓar da nama kuma yana feshi a cikin idon mutum na dafin sa.

SAURAN MACIZAI MASU DAFI A NAJERIYA
Dispholidus typus, Boomslang (Hausa- sagon doka)
Elapsoidea semiannulata: Angolan Garter Snake (Hausa Kwadaddafi)
Naja haje: Egyptian Cobra (Hausa: Gamsheka)
Naja katiensis, Mali Cobra, Katian Spitting Cobra (Hausa: Jan nashuri)
Naja melanoleuca ( Black and White Cobra. Hausa – Bakaya,
Pseudohaje nigra, Hoodless Cobra (Hausa Tsadaraki)
da sauran su

TAIMAKON GAGGAWA GA WANDA MACIJI YA SARA
A al'adance musammam a kauyukan mu gunda saran maciji yafi yawa suna aikata wayannan al'adu da sunan taimakon gaggawa amma bincike na kimiya ya tabbatar da cewa basu da al'afanu sai ma illla da suke iya haifarwa k**ar su ɗaure gurin da macijin ya sara da tsumma da ƙarfi, ƙoƙarin zuƙe jini/dafi daga gunda akayi saran, yiwa marar lafiyan shokin da lantarki, wanke gurin da ruwa, Dukka wannan ba abin da sukeyi sai ƙara jinkiri wajen cetoshi a asibiti.

ABIN DA AKE SO AYI
1 kwantarwa da marar lafiyan hankali- saboda damuwa da tashin hankali ba abin da sukeyi sai ƙara sawa dafin yayi saurin yaɗuwa
2 Ayi ƙoƙarin wajen ganin yanda za'ayi ya dena motsa kafar ko hannun da macijin ya sara kuma a nannaɗeshi da bandeji
3 Ayi gaggawar kaishi Asibiti amma cikin nutsuwa ta yanda ba za a jijjagashi ba.
Dukka wanna domin a rage damar yaɗuwar dafin ne a cikin jikin sa. kuma wannan ya shafi mutum ko dabba da macijin ya sara.
WANDA MACIJI YAYI WA TSURTUWA A IDO
Ayi gaggawar wanke masa idanun kafin dafin ya fasa namam idon ya fara shiga ciki, wankewar ana yinta da ruwa mai gudana da ƙarfi k**ar na fanfo in dai anyi haka cikin sauri to ba abin da dafin zai masa amma duk da haka yaje yaga likita. Idan abin ya faru a cikin jeji gunda ba ruwa to a samu wanda yake jin fitsari ya seta idon ya tsula masa fitsari da ƙarfi, fitsarin zai wanko dafin, laruri ne yana halasta haram.

MAGANIN SARAN MACIJI
Magani ɗaya da hukumar lafiya ta duniya ta amince dashi a matsayin maganin dafin maciji shine Antivenom sai dai yana da ƙaranci da matuƙar tsada musamman a ƙasashe masu tasowa. Allah ya bamu yanda zamuyi ya kuma kare mu daga saran na maciji.

Usman Muhammad Hakimi
26 September, 2022.