WAEC 2023 Timetable And Updates

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2025 WAEC BOOK KEEPING ANSWERS

OBJ: -
01-10: BDCDBABACA
11-20: DADABABBAA
21-30: DBCCADBBDD
31-40: CBCAABCDCA

COMPLETED

THEORY: -
(1a)
(PICK FOUR ONLY)
(i) Cash book
(ii) Sales day book
(iii) Purchases day book
(iv) General ledger
(v) Debtors ledger
(vi) Creditors ledger
(vii) Journal proper
(viii) Petty cash book

(1b)
(PICK THREE ONLY)
(i) Accurate record keeping: Mr. Adamu would ensure all financial transactions are properly recorded and maintained.
(ii) Financial planning and control: With accurate records, the business can plan and control its finances effectively.
(iii) Preparation of financial statements: He would help in preparing profit and loss accounts and balance sheets.
(iv) Compliance with regulations: Proper bookkeeping ensures the business complies with tax and legal requirements.
(v) Detection and prevention of fraud: Regular and accurate record-keeping can help detect and prevent financial irregularities.
(vi) Informed decision-making: Reliable financial data provided by Mr. Adamu would aid in making sound business decisions.

(2a)
(PICK TWO ONLY)
(i) Control over petty expenses: The imprest system ensures that petty cash is spent only for authorized minor expenses.
(ii) Easy reimbursement: It simplifies the process of reimbursing petty cash to maintain a fixed balance.
(iii) Prevents misuse of funds: The system helps prevent misuse or misappropriation of petty cash by limiting the amount available.
(iv) Enhances accountability: Each disbursement is recorded and backed by a receipt, making the custodian accountable.
(v) Facilitates proper record-keeping: The system enables systematic and accurate recording of all minor expenses for future reference.

(2b)
(PICK THREE ONLY)
(i) Cash column records physical cash transactions, while bank column records transactions done through the bank.
(ii) Cash column shows only cash receipts and payments, while bank column shows bank deposits and withdrawals.
(iii) Cash column cannot show overdraft, while bank column can reflect bank overdraft.
(iv) Cash column always has a debit balance, while bank column can have either a debit or credit balance.
(v) Cash column is affected by cash sales or purchases, while bank column is affected by cheque payments or receipts.
(vi) Cash column is used to track petty cash flow, while bank column is used to track bank account activities.
(vii) Errors in the cash column are corrected in the cash book itself, while errors in the bank column may require a bank reconciliation.

(3a)
A balance sheet is a fundamental financial statement that provides a snapshot of an enterprise's financial position at a specific point in time.

(3b)
(i)Dual Aspect
(ii)Snapshot in Time
(iii)Classification

(3c)
(i) Bought goods by cheque: This transaction decreases the bank balance (asset) and increases inventory (asset), maintaining the balance.
(ii) Paid creditors by cheque: Reduces both the bank balance (asset) and accounts payable (liability), reflecting a decrease in both assets and liabilities.
(iii) Additional capital introduced by the owner: Increases the bank balance (asset) and owners' equity, enhancing the financial position.
(iv) Bought motor vehicle on credit: Increases both non-current assets (motor vehicle) and liabilities (accounts payable), maintaining the balance.
(v) Owners withdrew money from the business: Decreases the bank balance (asset) and owners' equity, reflecting a reduction in financial resources.

(4a)
Depreciation is the gradual reduction in the value of a fixed asset over time due to wear and tear, usage, obsolescence, or passage of time. It represents the cost of using the asset and is recorded as an expense in the financial statements.

(4b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Wear and Tear: Physical deterioration due to regular usage.
(ii) Passage of Time: Even without use, some assets lose value over time.
(iii) Obsolescence: Assets become outdated due to technological advancements.
(iv) Exhaustion: In the case of natural resources, depletion causes depreciation.
(v) Accidents or Damages: Unexpected events can reduce an asset’s value.
(vi) Lack of Maintenance: Poor upkeep can accelerate depreciation.
(vii) Legal or Regulatory Changes: New laws may reduce the usability or value of an asset.

(4c)
Scrap value is the estimated amount that a fixed asset can be sold for at the end of its useful life. It represents the residual value after the asset is no longer useful for operations.

WHILE

Estimated useful life of a fixed cost , on the other hand, is the expected time period during which the asset will be actively used in the business to generate income.

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2024 WAEC ANIMALS HUSBANDRY QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

OBJ: -
01-10: AADABCDBBC
11-20: CACABDDDAC
21-30: CBDDCCDDAD
31-40: CDABDDCCBC

COMPLETED

THEORY: -

(1ai)
Oestrus synchronization refers to the deliberate manipulation of the reproductive cycle in female animals so that a group of them come into heat at the same time. This is done using hormonal treatments to control or induce ovulation, making it easier to plan and carry out artificial insemination efficiently.

(1aii)
(PICK FOUR ONLY)
(i) Artificial va**na
(ii) Semen straw
(iii) Insemination gun
(iv) Straw cutter
(v) Thermometer
(vi) Semen storage tank
(vii) Lubricant
(viii) Speculum

(1bi)
Vaccination: Vaccination is the administration of vaccines to livestock to protect them from specific infectious diseases. It helps to boost the animal's immune system so it can fight off future infections effectively, reducing disease outbreaks and increasing productivity.

(1bii)
Feeding ad libitum: Feeding ad libitum means providing animals with unlimited access to feed at all times. This allows the animals to eat whenever they want and as much as they need, which can promote better growth and weight gain, especially in poultry and livestock farming.

(1ci)
PRE-SLAUGHTERING:
(PICK ONE ONLY)
(i) Withholding of feed
(ii) Withholding of water
(iii) Weighing of birds
(iv) Health inspection

(1cii)
POST-SLAUGHTERING:
(PICK ONE ONLY)
(i) Bleeding
(ii) Scalding
(iii) Defeathering
(iv) Evisceration

(1d)
(COMPLETE THE TABLE)
(i) Kit
(ii) Lamb
(iii) 8 - 12
(iv) Kid
(v) 12 - 16
(vi) Calf
(vii) Piglet
(viii) 6 - 8

(2ai)
Ovulation is the release of a mature egg from the o***y into the fallopian tube, where it can be fertilized by s***m. This process is controlled by reproductive hormones and usually occurs during the peak of the oestrus cycle.

(2aii)
The oestrus cycle is the recurring reproductive cycle in female animals, during which they become receptive to mating. It includes stages such as proestrus, estrus, metestrus, and diestrus, and it prepares the body for potential fertilization and pregnancy.

(2aiii)
The heat period is the phase within the oestrus cycle when the female animal is s*xually receptive and ovulation is about to occur or is occurring. During this time, the animal may show signs such as restlessness, mounting behavior, and a swollen v***a.

(2aiv)
Parturition is the act of giving birth to young ones. It involves the expulsion of the fully developed fetus from the uterus through the birth canal, typically initiated by hormonal changes that stimulate uterine contractions.

(2b)
(PICK FIVE ONLY)
(i) Swollen and enlarged udder
(ii) Relaxation of the pelvic ligaments
(iii) Enlargement and softening of the v***a
(iv) Restlessness and frequent lying down and standing up
(v) Separation from the flock or seeking a secluded area
(vi) Mucus discharge from the v***a
(vii) Pawing the ground or nesting behavior
(viii) Loss of appetite or reduced feeding activity

(2c)
(PICK FIVE ONLY)
(i) Thermostat
(ii) Heating element
(iii) Humidity control system
(iv) Egg turning mechanism
(v) Ventilation system
(vi) Temperature sensor
(vii) Egg tray or rack
(viii) Viewing window

(2d)
(PICK TWO ONLY)
(i) Liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica)
(ii) Roundworm (Ascaris species)
(iii) Tapeworm (Taenia species)
(iv) Hookworm (Ancylostoma species)
(v) Lungworm (Dictyocaulus species)

(3a)
(i) Harvest the forage crop at the right stage of maturity.
(ii) Chop the harvested forage into small pieces.
(iii) Wilt the forage reduce excess moisture content.
(iv) Pack the chopped forage tightly into a silo or pit to exclude air.
(v) Cover the silo or pit with plastic sheeting to maintain anaerobic conditions.
(vi) Allow the forage to ferment for several weeks before feeding.

(3b)
(i) O***y
(ii) Infundibulum
(iii) Magnum
(iv) Uterus
(v) Isthmus

(3c)
(PICK FOUR ONLY)
(i) Increased competition for food and water
(ii) Faster spread of diseases and parasites
(iii) Poor growth and weight gain
(iv) High mortality rate
(v) Destruction of pasture and vegetation
(vi) Increased stress and aggression among animals
(vii) Reduced productivity and reproduction rate

(3d)
(PICK TWO ONLY)
(i) Mash
(ii) Pellets
(iii) Crumbles
(iv) Blocks

(3e)
(PICK THREE ONLY)
(i) Large size of the fetus
(ii) Wrong positioning of the fetus
(iii) Narrow birth canal
(iv) Uterine inertia or weak contractions
(v) Multiple births or twins
(vi) Malformation of the fetus

(4a)
To calculate plant population:
• Area of land = 200 m × 150 m = 30,000 m²
• Spacing = 50 cm × 50 cm = 0.5 m × 0.5 m = 0.25 m² per plant
• Number of planting spots = Total area / Area per plant
= 30,000 m² ÷ 0.25 m² = 120,000 spots
• Germination percentage = 70%
• Expected plant population = 70% of 120,000 = 0.70 × 120,000 = 84,000 plants

(4b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Wholesalers
(ii) Retailers
(iii) Distributors
(iv) Cooperatives
(v) Transporters
(vi) Middlemen

(4c)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Poor nutrition and inadequate feeding
(ii) Prevalence of diseases and parasites
(iii) Poor housing and management practices
(iv) Low genetic potential of local breeds
(v) Inadequate veterinary services
(vi) Harsh climatic conditions
(vii) Insecurity and theft

(4di)
A fodder crop is a type of crop that is grown primarily to be harvested and fed to livestock, either green, dry, or as silage.

(4dii)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Elephant grass
(ii) Guinea grass
(iii) Alfalfa
(iv) Clover
(v) Stylosanthes

(5ai)
Quarantine: The practice of isolating newly acquired or sick animals to prevent the spread of diseases to healthy livestock.

(5aii)
Immunity: The ability of an animal's body to resist or fight off infections and diseases through natural or acquired defenses.

(5aiii)
Zoonotic disease: A disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans, either directly or indirectly.

(5b)
(PICK FOUR ONLY)
(i) Causes weight loss in infected animals
(ii) Reduces milk production
(iii) Lower fertility rate
(iv) Leads to liver condemnation at slaughter
(v) Increases the cost of treatment and veterinary services
(vi) May lead to the death of severely infected animals

(5c)
(PICK THREE ONLY)
(i) Regular spraying or dipping with insecticides
(ii) Proper sanitation and hygiene in animal housing
(iii) Isolating and treating infected animals
(iv) Regular grooming and brushing of animals
(v) Rotational grazing to reduce lice infestation in pastures
(vi) Use of pour-on treatments and dusting powders

(5di)
(PICK THREE ONLY)
(i) Queen
(ii) Drones
(iii) Worker bees
(iv) Nurse bees
(v) Guard bees
(vi) Forager bees

(5dii)
(PICK FOUR ONLY)
(i) Bee suit
(ii) Bee smoker
(iii) Hive tool
(iv) Bee brush
(v) Honey extractor
(vi) Bee hive
(vii) Frame grip
(viii) Queen excluder

(6a)
(PICK FOUR ONLY)
(i) Transports oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues
(ii) Transports carbon dioxide from tissues to the lungs
(iii) Delivers nutrients to body cells
(iv) Removes waste products from the body
(v) Regulates body temperature
(vi) Helps in clotting to prevent excessive bleeding
(vii) Transports hormones to target organs
(viii) Provides immunity against infections through white blood cells

(6bi)
Pseudoruminants are animals that have a three-chambered stomach and chew cud but do not have the complex four-chambered stomach of true ruminants.

(6bii)
(PICK TWO ONLY)
(i) Camel
(ii) Llama
(iii) Alpaca
(iv) Hippopotamus
(v) Guinea pig

(6c)
(PICK THREE ONLY)
(i) Ensure the lamb suckles colostrum within the first few hours
(ii) Dry the lamb and keep it warm
(iii) Disinfect the navel cord to prevent infection
(iv) Provide proper shelter and bedding
(v) Monitor the lamb for signs of illness
(vi) Assist in feeding if the ewe cannot produce enough milk
(vii) Ensure bonding between the ewe and the lamb

(6d)
(PICK THREE ONLY)
(i) Heart
(ii) Arteries
(iii) Veins
(iv) Capillaries
(v) Blood
(vi) Lungs
(vii) Spleen

*WAEC ANIMAL HUSBANDRY INSTRUCTIONS*
ANSWER FOUR QUESTIONS ONLY

QUESTION 1
QUESTION 2
QUESTION 3
QUESTION 5
QUESTION 6

*COMPLETED*

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