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WAEC GCE 2023 FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

F/ACCOUNTING
01-10: CCCDADBBBA
11-20: ABDCBADDAC
21-30: DBBBCBACAD
31-40: DDCDCDACBC
41-50: ABCDCBCDCB

COMPLETED

*FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING*

*NUMBER ONE*

(1a)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Purchase of goods for resale
(ii) Receiving goods as a gift or donation
(iii) Return of goods purchased from suppliers
(iv) Transfer of goods from one location to another within the company
(v) Manufacturing or producing goods
(iv) Conversion of raw materials into finished goods

(1b)
Goodwill is an intangible asset that represents the reputation, customer loyalty, and brand value of a business. It is an asset that is not easily measurable or physically quantifiable but can have a significant impact on the value and success of a business. Goodwill is associated with qualities such as trust, customer satisfaction, and positive relationships with stakeholders.

(1c)
(i) Water charges paid: Utility bill or receipt from the water company
(ii) Credit sales: Sales invoice or sales receipt
(iii) Credit purchases: Purchase invoice or purchase receipt
(iv) Wages: Payroll record or wage slip
(V) Cash payment: Cash receipt or payment voucher
(vi) Electricity owed: Utility bill or invoice from the electricity provider
(vii) Returns by customers: Sales return slip or return receipt
(viii) Returns to suppliers: Purchase return slip or return receipt
(ix) Cheque deposit: Deposit slip or bank statement
(x) Dishonoured cheque: Bank statement or notification from the bank indicating the dishonored cheque.

*FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING*

(2a)
A manufacturing account is a financial statement that summarizes the costs incurred in the production of goods during a specific accounting period. It includes direct and indirect costs associated with manufacturing, such as raw materials, labor, and factory overhead. The purpose of the manufacturing account is to calculate the total manufacturing cost and determine the cost of goods produced.

(2b)
(i) Direct materials
(ii) Direct labor
(iii) Direct expenses

(2c)
(i) Prime cost: It refers to the total cost of direct materials, direct labor, and direct expenses. It represents the main components of the production cost.

(ii) Factory overhead: Also known as indirect costs, factory overhead includes all the expenses incurred in the production process that are not directly attributable to specific units. It includes costs like rent, utilities, depreciation, and maintenance.

(iii) Work-in-progress: Work-in-progress (WIP) refers to goods that are in the process of being manufactured but are not yet finished. It represents the value of partially completed products at a specific point in time.

(iv) Finished goods: Finished goods are the completed products that are ready for sale to customers. They have gone through the entire manufacturing process and are in their final form.

(v) Market value of goods produced: The market value of goods produced refers to the estimated selling price of the finished goods at the time they are produced. It represents the value of the goods based on market demand and other factors.

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*Wednesday, 15thNovember 2023*

Government 2 (Essay)
2:00pm - 4:00pm

Government 1 (Objective)
4:00pm - 5:00pm

===========================
_*QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LOADING KEEP CALM WHILE YOU WAIT FOR IT*✓✓_

GOVERNMENT
01-10: BDACBBABAC
11-20: DCBACBCCAA
21-30: DDDCCABCDB
31-40: ABABBBCDAC
41-50: CDCDBACCBA

*WAEC GCE GOVERNMENT*

*NUMBER ONE*

(1)
(PICK FIVE ONLY)

(i) Representation: A multi-party system ensures that various social, economic, and cultural groups have the opportunity to be represented in government. It allows for a broader range of perspectives and interests to be heard and considered, enhancing inclusivity.

(ii) Accountability: Multiple parties provide a system of checks and balances, as different parties can hold each other accountable. Opposition parties play a crucial role in questioning and scrutinizing the ruling party's policies and actions, promoting transparency, and reducing the risk of corruption.

(iii) Policy development: With multiple parties, there is a greater diversity of policy proposals and ideas. This diversity encourages constructive debates and discussions, leading to the development of more comprehensive and well-thought-out policies that address a broader range of societal needs.

(iv) Competition: The presence of multiple parties fosters healthy competition among politicians. In order to win elections, parties must appeal to a wider range of voters, which can incentivize them to focus on the needs and concerns of the people. Competition encourages parties to constantly improve their policies and performance.

(v) Flexibility: A multi-party system allows for more flexibility in responding to changing societal needs. As different parties hold diverse views on various issues, governments can adapt to new challenges, societal changes, and emerging priorities more effectively.

(vi) Participation and engagement: With a larger number of parties, citizens are more likely to find a party that aligns with their values and beliefs, leading to increased political engagement. This engagement fosters a vibrant political culture and encourages citizens to actively participate in democratic processes, such as voting and joining political parties.

(vii) Coalition Governments: In multi-party systems, coalitions are often necessary to form a government. Coalition governments require parties to negotiate and build consensus on policies, fostering cooperation and compromise. This collaborative approach can result in more stable and inclusive governance.

(viii) Minority Representation: Increasing the number of parties can lead to better representation of minorities and marginalized communities. Smaller parties advocating for specific issues or representing specific communities can gain a voice and influence in the political arena, promoting equality and inclusivity.

(ix) Evolution of Ideas: Multiple parties can contribute to the evolution of political ideologies and public policies. By presenting different ideological perspectives, parties can challenge conventional views, stimulate debate, and drive the development of innovative solutions to societal challenges.

(x) Balanced Power Distribution: In a multi-party system, power is distributed among multiple parties, reducing the risk of concentration and abuse of power. This distribution ensures that decisions are made collectively and in the best interest of the broader public, preventing the dominance of a single party or individual.

*WAEC GCE GOVERNMENT*

*NUMBER TWO*

(2)
(PICK FIVE ONLY)

(i) Separation of Powers: A constitution separates the powers of the government into three branches: the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. This ensures a system of checks and balances, preventing the concentration of power in any one branch and promoting accountability.

(ii) Fundamental Rights and Freedoms: Constitutions guarantee fundamental rights and freedoms to citizens, such as freedom of speech, religion, and assembly, as well as protection against discrimination. These rights provide individuals with legal protection and ensure their fair treatment by the state.

(iii) Rule of Law: A constitution establishes the principle of the rule of law, which means that everyone, including the government, is subject to and must abide by the law. It ensures that the government's actions are not arbitrary and are based on established legal frameworks.

(iv) Constitutional Supremacy: Constitutions declare that they are the supreme law of the land, which means that all other laws and government actions must be consistent with the constitution. This principle ensures that the government operates within the boundaries set by the constitution and prevents the abuse of power.

(v) Electoral Processes: Constitutions outline the procedures for conducting elections and establishing representative bodies. These provisions ensure that the government is accountable to the people and that power is transferred through peaceful and democratic means.

(vi) Federalism and Devolution of Power: In countries with a federal system, a constitution defines the division of powers between the central government and regional or local governments. This system allows for a more efficient and responsive governance structure by decentralizing power.

(vii) Mechanisms for Amendment: Constitutions commonly provide procedures for amending or revising their provisions. This allows for the adaptation of the constitution to changing needs and circumstances over time, ensuring its continued relevance.

(viii) Mechanisms for Judicial Review: Constitutions empower the judiciary to review government actions, laws, and policies to ensure their compliance with constitutional provisions. Judicial review acts as a safeguard against unconstitutional acts by the government and helps maintain the integrity of the constitution.

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2022 WAEC GCE LITERATURE
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(1)
The tragic theme of a colonial rule is introduced at the beginning of the play when Gbanya narrates the dreams he had last night to Yoko on how the Governor humiliated him in the eyes of his people. Gbanya vows to receive and treat the Governor well in order not to incur his wrath. This shows that the setting of the play is connected to a pre-colonial era where Governors were appointed to oversee the activities of African communities. And some of these Governors, representatives of Imperial Majesty tend to overzealously exploit the people but also treat them as sub-humans or humiliate them when the people in the community err against them and that is exactly what Dr. Samuel Rowe, the Governor does to Gbanya when he finds out that the people have not stopped engaging in the war despite his stern warning to desist from such barbaric act. As a punitive measure or punishment, Gbanya the chief of Senehun is humiliated before his people. Rowe orders the soldiers to stretch Gbanya out on the ground. He also fires a shot from his pistol in the air to threaten Lavalie and Ndapi not to retaliate, Rowe takes the rice and cattle Gbanya entertained him with and zoom off.
Moreover, colonial domination also makes the chief and the people, not to have confidence in themselves because they feel and believe that the Governor, the white man is awash with superior and supreme power. That is why even when Rowe sends his Messengers to Moyamba, the people especially the chief treat him well like the Imperial Majesty herself.

Lastly, the people receive a dirty slaps on their faces when the Governor turns against them to gives out a portion of land that belongs to them to the chiefdom of Bo. He sends a message through his messenger stating that the message came from his Highness, the Governor South of Bandajama, the six villages to the north of the Tabe River now belong to the people of the chiefdom of Bo.

*WAEC GCE LITERATURE*
_(SECTION B)_

(6)
The play centers on class struggle in our society. Jimmy comes from a middle class (working class ) background, but has been highly educated. He went to a university but not gainfully employed. He is still stuck running to sweet stall, and he does not feel fully comfortable and hasn’t been accepted into the upper classes. He speaks and uses Jaw breaking words, read newspapers, but he sometimes has to look these words up in a dictionary.

Alison and Jimmy’s relationship is the main meeting point where class struggle unfolds. Alison is from an upper class background very different from Jimmy’s. Both portray the struggle between the two classes in military terms as the two just can’t blend. Jimmy is full of pride because of his education and this makes him alienate, separate and look down on others who are not so educated like himself, Cliff is such a character in the text.

*WAEC GCE LITERATURE*
(SECTION D - BONUS)

(12)
“Caged Bird” is a metaphor or symbol of downtrodden African- Americans and their experiences in the hands of the whites. The caged bird in the poem symbolizes the blacks, who are unduly maltreated and humiliated as result of the color of their skins. They have been dehumanized one way or the other. They are in solitary confinement as they rarely see through the opportunity around them, for their dreams for brighter future are not even guaranteed.

The “Caged bird is symbolical for oppressed Africa-Americans while the “freed bird” represents the whites (oppressors). The wind seems fast a “The caged” is also figurative as it represents the overcrowded slum (environment) the blacks have been confined to ‘narrow cage’ represents torment and poverty ‘float’ downstream is symbolic of backwardness and retrogression; Blacks are seen as people without identify. The free bird thinks of another breeze” depicts persistent oppression: for the oppressor continues to complicate the conditions of the blacks “Grave of dreams” is a metaphor for hope and aspiration.

The animal imagery such as ‘Caged Bird’ projects the picture of African-Americans (blacks) who have been marginalized by the white race. The wings of the caged bird are cut off and feet tied. This represents the frustration, maltreatment and anguish experienced by the blacks. This unsparing nature of the situation underscores the enormity of hopelessness and oppression faced by blacks. The freed bird is also an imagery of the Americans (western world) who unleashed hatred on the African-Americans as a result of their skin color.