Bagan History

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Bagan in Burma is one of the most significant archaeological sites of South East Asia. In spite of this, it is still relatively unknown because of the isolation the country has been in for decades.

Bagan is an ancient city that was the capital of the prosperous Bagan empire that controlled most of present day Burma. At the height of empire’s power between the 11th and 13th century more than 10,000 temples and pagodas were built.

Today, about 2,200 monuments remain in various states of repair, which makes Bagan one of the most dense concentrations of temples and pagodas in the world.

The scale of Bagan can be overwhelming with its thousands of monuments as far as the eye can see. Some are very well maintained and have been restored, while others are neglected and overgrown with vegetation.

King Anawrahta, founder of the Bagan empire
While Bagan’s history goes back to the 9th century, massive temple construction began during the reign of King Anawrahta, who founded the Bagan empire in 1044. The King who was converted to Theravada Buddhism started building some of the grandest temples of Bagan, like the Shwezigon Pagoda as an act of making merit. Gradually Bagan became a center for Buddhism attracting monks from far away countries.

Buddhist temples & Pagodas at the Bagan plains