Civil Engineering Society, CIT Howrah.

*The Neutral Axis in Beams
When a rectangular beam is supported at both ends and loaded transversely the upper fibres are compressed and the lower extended, the stresses being greatest in the outer fibres, and proportionally less towards the middle of the depth, until a layer is reached where they both vanish.

Abbrivations used in Civil Engineering:
• DPC - Damp proof course.
• RCC - Reinforced cement concrete.
• RBC - Reinforced Brick concrete.
• R.B.W - Reinforced brick work.
• C.I.Sheet - Corrugated Iron sheet.
• C.I.Pipe - Cast iron pipe.
• NCF - Neat cement finishing.
• SWG - Standard wire gauge.
• MB - Measurement book.
• GP - Ground plane.
• VP - Vertical plane.
• HP - Horizontal plane.
• CP - Cement plaster.
• LC - Lime concrete.
• CC - Cement concrete.
• AC - Asbests cement.
• CS - Comparative statement.
• PERT - Programme Evaluation and Review Technique.
• CPM - Critical path method .
• USD - Ultimate strength design.
• W.S.D - Working stress design.
• PL - Plinth level.
• GL - Ground level.
• EGL - Existing ground level.
• OGL - Original ground level .
• FGL - Formation ground level.
• HFL - Highest flood level.
• RL - Reduced level.
• A.C.I - American concrete institute.
• A.A.S.H.T.O - American Association of state highway Transport Official.
• A.R.E.A - American Railway engineering association.
• A.S.T.M - American society for testing materials .
• ISI - Indian standard institute.
• W.C - Water closet.
• B.M - Bending moment.
• L.L - Live load.
• D.L - Dead load.
• E.L - Environmental load.
• U.S.C - Ultimate stress of concrete.
• A.S.C - Allowable Stress of concrete.
• F.M - Fineness modulas. B.M - Bench mark . PVC - Poly vinyl choloride . UPVC - Unplasticized Poly vinyl choloride. PPR - Poly Propylene Random.
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