Pilot Prep

One Mark question Dgca General Navigation

How does the earth Rotate?

Gen Nav Question Series With Solutions
question 4

An aircraft at FL330 is required to commence descent when 65 NM from a VOR and to cross the VOR at FL100. The mean
GS during the descent is 330 kt. What is the minimum rate of descent required ?
a) 1950 FT/MIN
b) 1750 FT/MIN
c) 1650 FT/MIN
d) 1850 FT/MIN

Since FL100 will be on VOR, it is necessary to lose an altitude of FL330 – FL100 = 230 = 23 000 feet,
If the speed is 330 kt per hour (330 NM per hour), the distance is 65 NM;
( 65 x 60 ) : 330 = 11.8 minutes. In other words, 23,000 feet must be covered in 11.8 minutes, as a result;
23 000 : 11.8 =1949 ≈ 1950 FT/MIN

Pilot Prep

Gen Nav Question Series With Solutions
question 2

A flight is to be made from “A” 49°S 180'E/W to “B” 58°S 180'E/W. The distance in kilometres from “A” to “B” is
approximately ;
a) 1000.
b) 804.
c) 540.
d) 1222.

The difference in latitude from A to B ;
58°S – 49°S = 9° ,
Since 1 minute of arc fragment is equal to 60 NM = 9 x 60 = 540 minutes = 540 NM ,
To convert this value to miles,
It is found as 540 x 1.852 = 1000.08 ≈ 1000 km

Pilot Prep

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RTR PHRASEOLOGY

MAYDAY—The international radio telephony distress signal. When repeated three times, it indicates imminent and grave danger and that immediate assistance is requested.

MINIMUM FUEL—Indicates that an aircraft's fuel supply has reached a state where, upon reaching the destination, it can accept little or no delay. This is not an emergency situation but merely indicates an emergency situation is possible should any undue delay occur.

NEGATIVE—"No," or "permission not granted," or "that is not correct."

NEGATIVE CONTACT—Used by pilots to inform ATC that the previously issued traffic is not in sight. It may be followed by the pilot's request for the controller to provide assistance in avoiding the traffic. Used by pilots to inform ATC they were unable to contact ATC on a particular frequency.

RADAR CONTACT—Used by ATC to inform an aircraft that it is identified on the radar display and radar flight following will be provided until radar identification is terminated.

RADAR SERVICE TERMINATED—Used by ATC to inform a pilot that he will no longer be provided any of the services that could be received while in radar contact. Radar service is automatically terminated, and the pilot is not advised in the following cases: 1. An aircraft cancels its IFR flight plan, except within Class B airspace, Class C airspace, a TRSA, or where Basic Radar service is provided. 2. An aircraft conducting an instrument, visual, or contact approach has landed or has been instructed to change to advisory frequency. 3. An arriving VFR aircraft, receiving radar service to a tower controlled airport within Class B airspace, Class C airspace, a TRSA, or where sequencing service is provided, has landed; or to all other airports, is instructed to change to tower or advisory frequency. 4. An aircraft completes a radar approach.

READ BACK—Repeat my message back to me.

REPORT—Used to instruct pilots to advise ATC of specified information; e.g., "Report passing Hamilton VOR."

SAY AGAIN—Used to request a repeat of the last transmission. Usually specifies transmission or portion thereof not understood or received; e.g., "Say again all after ABRAM VOR."

SAY ALTITUDE—Used by ATC to ascertain an aircraft's specific altitude/flight level. When the aircraft is climbing or descending, the pilot should state the indicated altitude rounded to the nearest 100 feet.

SAY HEADING—Used by ATC to request an aircraft heading. The pilot should state the actual heading of the aircraft.

SPEAK SLOWER—Used in verbal communications as a request to reduce speech rate.

SQUAWK (Mode, Code, Function)—Activate specific modes/ codes/functions on the aircraft transponder, e.g., "Squawk two—one-zero-five." Squawk does not mean pilot should press the transponder's IDENT button.

STAND BY—Means the controller or pilot must pause for a few seconds, usually to attend to other duties of a higher priority. Also means to wait as in "stand by for clearance." The caller should reestablish contact if a delay is lengthy. "Stand by" is not an approval or denial.

THAT IS CORRECT—The understanding you have is right.

TRAFFIC—A term used by ATC to refer to one or more aircraft.

TRAFFIC IN SIGHT—Used by pilots to inform a controller that previously issued traffic is in sight.

UNABLE—Indicates inability to comply with a specific instruction, request, or clearance.

VERIFY—Request confirmation of information; e.g., "verify assigned altitude."