Purnama English Course

5. THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE

A. Pola Kalaimat
(+) Subject + verb-II + Object
(-) Subject + did + not + verb-I + Object
(?) Did + Subject + verb-I + Object
Contoh:
(+) He read holy qur’an yesterday
(-) She did not read holy qur’an yesterday
(?) Did she read holy qur’an yesterday?

B. Penggunaan
Untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang terjadi pada waktu tertentu dimasa lampau dan sudah jelas waktu kejadianya. Untuk menyatakan kebiasaan di waktu lampau dan sekarang tidak terjadi lagi.
Contoh:
- She bought a book yesterday
- Ahmad went to London

C. Keterangan Waktu
- Yesterday - two days ago
- Last….. - just now
Catatan:
1. Untuk kalimat negative dan introgative menggunakan akata bantu “did” untuk semua subject.
2. Dalam akalimat negative dan introgative kembali verb-I (infinitive)
3. Perubahan verb-I menjadi verb-II sebagai berikut:
a. Regular verb
Ask - asked
Close - closed
- Jika verb-I berakiran ‘y’ didahuli vikal, maka verb-II dibentuk dengan menambah “ed” saja.
Obey - obeyed
Play - played
- Jika verb-I berakiran ‘y’ didahului konsonan yang di dahului vocal tapi terdiri dari satu suku kata maka dibentuk dengan menggandakan konsonan tersebut.
Beg - begged
Clap - clapped
b. Irregular Verb (kata kerja tak beraturan)
Untuk perubahan irregular verb ini tidak ada rumus jadi harus di hafalkan.

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Be out of shape: Dalam keadaan buruk - He is out of shape because he doesn’t exercise. (idiom)

I always do and I'm always doing
Usually we say 'I always do something' (= I do it every time):
* I always go to work by car. (not 'I'm always going')
You can also say 'I'm always doing something', but this has a different meaning.
For example:
I've lost my key again. I'm always losing things.
'I'm always losing things' does not mean that I lose things every time. It means that I lose things too often, more often than normal.
'You're always ~ing' means that you do something very often, more often than the speaker thinks is normal or reasonable.
* You're always watching television. You should do something more active.
* John is never satisfied. He's always complaining.