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What is Middleware?
Common middleware examples include database middleware, application server middleware, message-oriented middleware, web middleware, and transaction-processing monitors. Each program typically provides messaging services so that different applications can communicate using messaging frameworks like simple object access protocol (SOAP), web services, representational state transfer (REST), and JavaScript object notation (JSON). While all middleware performs communication functions, the type a company chooses to use will depend on what service is being used and what type of information needs to be communicated. This can include security authentication, transaction management, message queues, applications servers, web servers, and directories. Middleware can also be used for distributed processing with actions occurring in real time rather than sending data back and forth.
What are the three types of middleware?
Middleware functions can be divided into three main categories: application-specific, information-exchange and management and support middleware.
Why is middleware used?
Software developers use middleware to integrate different software components into other applications. Middleware offers a standard Application Programming Interface (API) to manage the required input and output of data from the component. The internal linking with the component is hidden from the user.
What are the two types of middleware?
Commonly used types of middleware include the following:
Messaging middleware facilitates communications between distributed applications and services.
Object or ORB middleware enables software components or objects to communicate and interact with a program -- such as containers -- across distributed systems.
What is the use of IBM WebSphere?

WebSphere Application Server helps you build, deploy and run applications with flexible, security-rich Java EE-certified runtime environments — from lightweight production environments to large enterprise deployments.

What is WebSphere and how it works?
WebSphere Application Server (WAS) is a software product that performs the role of a web application server. More specifically, it is a software framework and middleware that hosts Java-based web applications. It is the flagship product within IBM's WebSphere software

Techopedia Explains Websphere
Though Websphere is a suite of tools meant as "application and integration middleware", most people would associate the brand to its most used aspect, the Websphere Application Server (WAS).
Using the application server, developers can connect users of a website to Java applications called servlets running on that server. These servlets are fast since all user requests are actually run on the same process space.
Websphere as a brand comes as packages for business organizations. For example, Websphere Portal is a business solution which already contains some business applications that run in the Java Enterprise platform (J2EE).