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PHYSICS POTENTIAL UTME QUESTION

If a source of solid is moving, a stationary listener will hear a sound of different frequency. This is called?

A. doppler effect
B. resonance
C. ultra sound
D. rarefaction

The correct answer is: A. Doppler effect ✅
PTA EXPLANATION 🔥🔥
Concept:
When a sound source moves relative to a listener, the frequency of the sound heard by the listener changes compared to the frequency emitted by the source.
If the source is moving toward the listener: the waves get compressed → higher frequency → sound appears higher-pitched.
If the source is moving away from the listener: the waves get stretched → lower frequency → sound appears lower-pitched.
This change in frequency due to relative motion between source and observer is called the Doppler effect.

❌❌Why the other options are incorrect:
B. Resonance: This is when an object vibrates at its natural frequency due to another vibrating object. Not related to motion of the source.
C. Ultrasound: Sound waves above 20 kHz, not related to motion.
D. Rarefaction: The low-pressure part of a sound wave. This is a property of sound waves, not the frequency shift due to motion.

🧬 Animal Cell vs Plant Cell 🌱

🔬 Animal Cell: Animal cells are flexible and round/irregular in shape. They do not have a cell wall or chloroplasts.
👉 Main parts:
🧠 Nucleus – controls activities
🔋 Mitochondria – energy producer
🧪 Cytoplasm – site of reactions
🧫 Cell membrane – controls entry/exit
🧹 Lysosomes – waste removal

🌿 Plant Cell: Plant cells are more rectangular and rigid due to the cell wall.
👉 Special features:
🧱 Cell wall – gives support & protection
🌞 Chloroplast – helps in photosynthesis
💧 Large vacuole – stores water & maintains shape
🧠 Nucleus, 🔋 mitochondria – same as animal cell

⚖️ Key Differences:
🧱 Cell wall → Only in plant cell
🌞 Chloroplast → Only in plant cell
🔄 Shape → Animal (round), Plant (rectangular)
💧 Vacuole → Small in animal, large in plant
📢
🧬 “Cells are the building blocks of life! Know the difference between plant 🌱 and animal 🐾 cells to understand how living organisms function.”
🔖